Spaceships

(The content of this page is based on Terra Invicta Dev Diary #14: Ship design.)

A spaceship is a vehicle used to travel around and between celestial bodies. A spaceship is made of multiple types of components.

Ship Components

Hull

The main thing the hull determines is the number of nose and hull weapon hard points, the number of utility modules, and the length of the hull.

Hull	Size	Nose Hard Points	Hull Hard Points	Utility Modules
Gunship	Small	1	0	1
Escort	Small	0	2	0
Corvette	Small	1	1	2
Frigate	Medium	1	1	4
Monitor	Medium	0	4	3
Destroyer	Medium	2	2	3
Cruiser	Large	2	3	6
Battlecruiser	Large	3	2	4
Battleship	Large	2	6	5
Lancer	Large	4	3	6
Dreadnought	Large	3	8	6
Titan	Large	4	6	8

Power Plant

The power plant generates electricity for your spaceship. Certain drives require certain types of power plants. Power plants will scale in output and mass depending on the power requirements of the drive, up to a maximum output limit. They also have a power value that determines their mass per unit of output, and an efficiency rating that determines how much heat they output to the radiators.

Power Plant (Incomplete)	Class	Efficiency	Specific power (tons/GW)	Maximum Output (GW)
Fuel Cell I	Fuel Cell	70.0%	2,800	0.2
Fuel Cell II	Fuel Cell	70.0%	450	0.6
Solid Core Fission Reactor I	Solid Core Fission	75.0%	40	2
Solid Core Fission Reactor II	Solid Core Fission	75.0%	34	6
Solid Core Fission Reactor III	Solid Core Fission	75.0%	28	15
Solid Core Fission Reactor IV	Solid Core Fission	75.0%	12	60
Solid Core Fission Reactor V	Solid Core Fission	75.0%	8	125
Molten Core Fission Reactor I	Liquid Core Fission	85.0%	3	1

Drive

The drive propels the spaceship. The main stats for the drive are thrust and exhaust velocity. Thrust combined with mass determines the ship's acceleration. Exhaust velocity determines how efficiently the drive uses each unit of propellant.

Drive	Required Power Plant	Thrust Rating (single engine)	Exhaust Velocity Rating
Apex Solid Rocket	N/A	14.9	1.4
Meteor Liquid Rocket	N/A	14.9	1.6
Neutron Liquid Rocket	N/A	15.3	1.6
Venture Liquid Rocket	N/A	14.2	2.2
Diana Superheavy Rocket	N/A	15.3	1.9
Nova Liquid Rocket	N/A	13.9	2.5
Super Kronos Liquid Rocket	N/A	12.3	4.4
Resistojet	N/A	1.0	1.5
Tungsten Resistojet	N/A	4.3	3.3
Arcjet Drive	N/A	1.0	4.3
Plasma Wave Drive	N/A	1.3	6.3
Lorentz Drive	N/A	5.3	6.8
Helicon Drive	N/A	5.3	8.3
Hall Drive	N/A	2.7	4.3
Ion Drive	N/A	1.5	6.3
Grid Drive	N/A	4.3	7.7
Colloid Drive	N/A	4.0	5.4
VASIMR	N/A	1.0	7.2
Pondermotive Drive	N/A	2.2	7.2
Pulsed Plasmoid Drive	N/A	1.1	8.7
E-Beam Drive	N/A	3.2	4.3
Amplitron Drive	N/A	4.6	3.3
Mass Driver	N/A	4.4	3.3
Superconducting Mass Driver	N/A	5.3	4.9
Kiwi Drive	Solid Core Fission	6.0	3.1
NERVA Drive	Solid Core Fission	6.6	3.0
Snare Drive	Solid Core Fission	7.2	3.1
Rover Drive	Solid Core Fission	7.8	3.2
Cermet NERVA	Solid Core Fission	8.1	3.3
Advanced NERVA Drive	Solid Core Fission	9.4	3.0
Dumbo	Solid Core Fission	9.6	3.1
Advanced Cermet NERVA	Solid Core Fission	9.8	3.3
Heavy Dumbo	Solid Core Fission	12.8	3.0
Pulsar Drive	Solid Core Fission	7.6	4.0
Advanced Pulsar Drive	Solid Core Fission	8.5	5.0
Pebble Drive	Solid Core Fission	8.4	3.3
Particle Drive	Solid Core Fission	9.4	3.3
Lars Drive	Liquid Core Fission	7.6	4.3
Fission Spinner Drive	Liquid Core Fission	10.1	4.9
Pegasus Drive	Liquid Core Fission	10.6	5.3
Vortex Drive	Gas Core Fission	9.4	4.3
Super Vortex Drive	Gas Core Fission	10.0	4.3
Cavity Drive	Gas Core Fission	6.8	4.3
Advanced Cavity Drive	Gas Core Fission	9.4	4.6
Quartz Drive	Gas Core Fission	7.9	3.4
Lightbulb Drive	Gas Core Fission	9.7	4.2
Pharos Drive	Gas Core Fission	9.8	4.4
Fission Lantern	Gas Core Fission	14.4	5.0
Fission Frag Drive	Gas Core Fission	3.2	8.3
Dusty Plasma Drive	Gas Core Fission	1.5	11.9
Burner Drive	Gas Core Fission	7.8	6.1
Flare Drive	Gas Core Fission	12.8	5.1
Firestar Drive	Gas Core Fission	13.3	5.6
Neutron Flux Drive	Nuclear Salt Water Core	14.7	6.0
Neutron Flux Torch	Nuclear Salt Water Core	14.7	12.2
Z-Pinch Microfission Drive	N/A	4.6	7.3
Neutronium Microfission Drive	N/A	6.6	7.3
Antimatter Microfission Drive	N/A	8.5	7.0
Minimag Orion	N/A	10.3	6.5
Advanced Minimag Orion	N/A	11.9	7.3
Orion Drive	N/A	15.0	5.4
H-Orion Drive	N/A	15.6	6.9
Triton Pulse Drive	N/A	9.6	7.6
Firefly Torch	Z-Pinch Fusion	10.7	16.6
Lithium Fusion Lantern	Electrostatic Confinement Fusion	7.1	4.3
Hybrid Fusion Drive	Hybrid Confinement Fusion	4.8	5.7
Icarus Drive	Hybrid Confinement Fusion	10.0	10.2
Icarus Torch	Hybrid Confinement Fusion	11.4	12.1
Triton Torus Drive	Toroid Magnetic Confinement Fusion	7.1	6.1
Triton Reflex Drive	Mirrored Magnetic Confinement Fusion	6.6	10.9
Helion Torus Drive	Toroid Magnetic Confinement Fusion	5.2	8.4
Advanced Helion Torus Drive	Toroid Magnetic Confinement Fusion	6.6	12.9
Helion Reflex Drive	Mirrored Magnetic Confinement Fusion	5.7	8.3
Advanced Helion Reflex Drive	Mirrored Magnetic Confinement Fusion	7.2	9.9
Zeta Helion Drive	Z-Pinch Fusion	9.4	11.8
Zeta Boron Fusion Drive	Z-Pinch Fusion	10.4	10.3
Mag Protium Fusion Drive	Any Magnetic Confinement Fusion	8.6	13.0
Triton Hope Inertial Drive	Inertial Confinement Fusion	3.5	9.4
Triton Vista Inertial Drive	Inertial Confinement Fusion	8.9	7.4
Helion Inertial Drive	Inertial Confinement Fusion	6.8	9.2
Daedalus Torch	Inertial Confinement Fusion	10.4	13.2
Boron Inertial Drive	Inertial Confinement Fusion	6.0	7.3
Boron Inertial Torch	Inertial Confinement Fusion	7.6	14.1
Protium Inertial Torch	Inertial Confinement Fusion	9.1	13.3
Protium Converter Torch	Inertial Confinement Fusion	17.6	13.3
Antimatter Pulsed Plasma Core Drive	Plasma Core Antimatter	11.6	7.9
Antimatter Plasma Core Drive	Plasma Core Antimatter	12.8	9.2
Advanced Antimatter Plasma Core Drive	Plasma Core Antimatter	13.3	11.5
Pion Torch	Beam Core Antimatter	14.3	13.8

Propellant

Propellant comes in 100-ton tanks, and have no hard limit to the number that can be placed on a ship. However, each tank of propellant adds mass to the ship, which reduces its acceleration and gives diminishing returns for delta-V. The resources used to make propellant is determined by the drive.

Radiator

The radiator expels waste heat from the power plant. More advanced radiators can expel more heat per unit of mass. Radiator mass scales up to match the waste heat of the power plant. Radiators can be more or less vulnerable depending on the type.

Radiator (Incomplete)	Combat Vulnerability When Deployed	Waste Heat (tons/GW)
Aluminum Fin	Very High	400
Titanium Array	High	181.8
Molybdenum Pipe	Moderate	222.2
Ionic Dust	Very Low	333.3
Cobalt Dust	Very Low	200

Batteries

The battery stores power for weapons and other systems.

Batteries (Incomplete)	Mass (tons)	Capacity (GJ)	Time to full charge (minutes)
Lithium-Ion	30	15	50
Salt Water	20	20	33
Molten Salt	80	40	89
Graphene	120	48	32
Quantum	80	80	27
Superconducting Coil Batteries	?	?	?

Armor

Armor protects your ships from damage. There are three armor slots: Nose, tail, and central hull. More advanced armor material will require less mass per unit of armor, with some materials having extra resistance to certain damage types. Armoring the hull will add much more mass than armoring the nose and tail.

Hardpoints

Nose hardpoints fire in a limited arc, but are generally more powerful than hull hardpoints. Hull hardpoints come in pairs placed on opposite sides of the ship, and can fire in all directions around the ship. Weapons come in the following types:

- Guns: Good old-fashioned cannon (chemical slugthrowers) with performance characteristics similar to modern naval weaponry. Low-tech, cheap, and don't drain your battery.

- Missiles and Torpedoes: Will chase the target. Constrained by ammo limitations. Nuclear weapons are among the warhead types. The difference between missile and torpedo in this context is mass; missiles go fast faster and have larger magazines while torpedoes carry heavier warheads. Also doesn't drain your battery.

- Magnetic weapons: Covers railguns and coilguns that launch high-speed projectiles that can be dodged or shot down. Can be used in orbital bombardment.

- Lasers: Never miss. Damage falls off over distance. Higher input power, larger optics and higher frequencies lead to more damage. Can be used in orbital bombardment, with some limitations for high-frequency weapons trying to bombard through an atmosphere.

- Particle weapons: Short-range weapons that can do severe damage to a ship’s internal components if it penetrates a ship’s armor. Also effective point defense weapons.

- Plasma cannon: These are essentially high-speed, low-mass projectile weapons; their design is based on what descriptions are available of the real-world Shiva Star and Marauder projects. In practice, we’re modeling them as long-range, low rate-of-fire weapons to give them a distinct role in combat. Deep in the tech tree.

Utility Modules

Utility modules contain everything else the ship might need, such as heat sinks, additional batteries, space marines, a science lab, systems that improve drive or weapon performance, space station and outpost kits, and ISRU modules

Ship Roles

Ships also have roles, which informs the game on whether the ship is a combatant or noncombatant, what range it should engage in during combat, and what its strategic range is (so how much delta-V it can carry). The role affects the autodesigner behavior and where the ship is placed in a combat formation.

Role	Combatant	Strategic Range	Preferred Combat Engagement Range
Troop Carrier	No	N/A	N/A
Explorer	No	N/A	N/A
Inner System Colony Ship	No	N/A	N/A
Outer System Colony Ship	No	N/A	N/A
Transport	No	N/A	N/A
Strike	Yes	Long	Short
Interdictor	Yes	Long	Medium
Attack Bomber	Yes	Long	Long
Fighter	Yes	Medium	Short
Space Superiority	Yes	Medium	Medium
Standoff	Yes	Medium	Long
Interceptor	Yes	Short	Short
Patrol	Yes	Short	Medium
Defense Bomber	Yes	Short	Long